Zigbee Module

What are Zigbee and Wi-Fi module channels?

A Zigbee module has 16 channels, that is, channels 11 to 26 at 2.4 GHz. As shown in the following figure, two channels overlap, resulting in strong interference. The Zigbee module automatically selects the optimal channel based on the environment. In China, common Wi-Fi module channels are channels 1, 6, and 11. The Zigbee module preferentially selects channels 11, 15, 20, 25, and 26.

How is a strong-current solution different from a low-power solution?

In a low-power solution, two GPIOs (PWM1 and PWM2) are reserved between the Tuya Zigbee module and the MCU for a hardware handshake. The Zigbee module uses PWM1 to awaken the MCU, and the MCU uses PWM2 to awaken the Zigbee module. PWM1 and PWM2 are at a high level by default and are active when they are at a low level for more than 10 μs. Before the Zigbee module or MCU proactively sends a command, it needs to initiate a handshake connection. In a strong-current solution, serial interfaces are in a listening state. Hardware does not need to connect I/O1 and I/O2.

What are the advantages of Zigbee modules?

Low power consumption, strong penetration, and large number of connected devices.

What is a Zigbee module?

The peripheral circuits introduced around ZigBee chip technology are called "ZigBee modules". Common ZigBee modules follow the international standard of IEEE802.15.4 and operate in the 2.4GHz frequency band. In addition, the European standard is 868MHZ, and North America is 915MHZ.

Can I connect a Tuya Zigbee module to a Zigbee gateway that I have developed to develop a product?

No. You must use a Tuya gateway or a Tuya OEM gateway. If you require an OEM gateway, contact Tuya business personnel.

How are 01 and 02 protocol versions different?

Compared with the 01 protocol version, the 02 protocol version has an SN in the frame format.

Do Tuya Zigbee devices use standard protocols?

No. Tuya's Zigbee modules and devices use Tuya-defined protocols.

How many devices can be connected to the Zigbee gateway?

A wired gateway can provide access to up to 120 devices. A wireless FreeRTOS gateway can provide access to up to 50 devices.

When will a Zigbee module report its network connection status?

Network connection states include not connected (0x00), connected (0x01), and abnormal network connection (0x02). A Zigbee module reports 0x00 in the following scenarios:

1. The device is powered on for the first time.

2. Network pairing fails.

3. The device disconnects from the network.

4. The device is restored to factory settings or the module is set to the pending network pairing state. A Zigbee module reports 0x01 when the device is connected to a network and 0x02 when the module does not obtain the PID but receives a network pairing command.

What is the size limit of a Zigbee data packet?

The total length of a Zigbee packet is 128 bytes, but only 64 bytes can be used for user data. That is, the data length in a serial port frame cannot exceed 64 bytes.

What is the maximum current that pass through a Zigbee module for a wall-mounted switch?

During network pairing, a Zigbee module requires a current of up to 15 mA. Network pairing is performed when the light turns on.

Why doesn't a Zigbee switch with a live terminal but no neutral terminal support local scenes?

Zigbee switch local scenes use the multicast mechanism. After a local scene is set and verified, the switch sends scene commands to executing devices in multicast mode, without caching them in the gateway. Unlike switches with a live terminal and a neutral terminal that have the sleep mode, switches with a live terminal but no neutral terminal have a high packet loss rate and scene execution failure rate. If they are added to local scenes, the user experience will be poor.

How long is the Zigbee transmission distance?

The Zigbee transmission distance in an open area is 150 m between a Zigbee gateway and a human body sensor.

What is Zigbee?

Zigbee is a simple, low-cost, low-power, low data rate, and short-range two-way wireless communication technology. It applies to short-range, low-power, and low-rate data transfer between various electronic devices, periodic data transfer, intermittent data transfer, and high-latency communications.

Will the MCU report instructions repeatedly if a module returns a status report failure?

You can restrict the number of MCU retransmissions to 3.

What are the application scenarios of Restore factory settings and Start net pairing during a module reset?

Start net pairing is required when a configured module is removed from the app and needs to be paired again. Restore factory settings can be used for products that can be paired only after you manually enable their network pairing function, which has been disabled after a manual reset of the products.

How can the MCU obtain the connection status of a Zigbee module?

The module will send the connection status to the MCU when the module is powered on or detects a connection status change. The MCU cannot send a command to obtain the module's connection status.

What does the low-voltage performance and stability mean in Zigbee's module inspection test?

Under a low voltage such as the power supply at the critical level, check whether the DUT's working state is stable, for example, whether read/write of the register is normal, and whether the RF function is normal. A wide voltage range is required during testing to ensure that wireless communication is normal.

What does the dynamic power output range mean in Zigbee's module inspection test?

It means the difference between the configurable maximum power output and the minimum power output, and measures the dynamic power range of Zigbee. To calculate the dynamic power output range of a transmitter, record the maximum power output and the minimum power output of the transmitter and calculate their difference.

What is the maximum current that pass through a Zigbee wall-mounted switch?

15 mA

What are the applications of Zigbee modules?

As a replacement to the existing wired control mode, Zigbee modules eliminate the need for cabling, extend the control distance, and support association between devices on a network. Currently, Zigbee modules have been applied to the industrial, agricultural, and petrochemical engineering fields, the Internet of Things, Smart Home, Smart Lighting, and Smart City.

How is a Tuya Zigbee module tested?

The test items of a Tuya Zigbee module test include the clock frequency offset, carrier transmit power, adjacent-channel rejection ratio, receiving sensitivity, dynamic output power, spurious emission, spurious receiving, distance, current consumption, low-voltage consumption, high and low temperatures, and RSSI detection precision.

What is the minimum average power consumption of your Zigbee modules?

The minimum average power consumption depends on the product's service logic. In the module datasheet, the power consumption in sleep mode is 1.4 μA on average and 3 μA maximum, 8 mA in constant receiving mode, and 32 mA at 10 dBm in transmission mode (onboard antenna: 8 dBm).